Knee replacement surgery is a common and highly effective procedure for individuals suffering from severe knee pain and limited mobility due to various conditions, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or knee injuries. Finding the best knee replacement surgeon in Kolkata is crucial for a successful outcome. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore knee replacement surgery, its procedures, types, and associated risks, with a special focus on the renowned orthopaedic surgeons at AMRI Hospitals in Kolkata.

Knee replacement surgery is a procedure that involves removing the damaged or worn-out components of the knee joint and replacing them with artificial implants. This surgery is typically recommended for patients with advanced knee conditions that do not respond to non-surgical treatments, including pain medications, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications. Knee replacements aim to relieve pain, improve joint function, and enhance the overall quality of life for patients.

Common Indications for Knee Replacement Surgery: 

Osteoarthritis: The most common reason for knee replacement surgery, osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint condition that results in the wear and tear of the knee's cartilage

Rheumatoid Arthritis: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that can damage the knee joint, leading to pain, swelling, and loss of function

Post-Traumatic Arthritis: A previous knee injury or fracture can result in post-traumatic arthritis, which can be addressed with a knee replacement

Avascular Necrosis: Avascular necrosis occurs when the blood supply to the bone is compromised, causing the bone to die. It can affect the knee joint and necessitate a replacement

Ligament or Meniscus Tears: Severe knee injuries, including torn ligaments and menisci, may require knee replacement surgery in some cases

Knee replacement surgery is a highly specialized procedure performed by orthopaedic surgeons. The surgery can be broadly categorized into two types: total knee replacement and partial knee replacement.

Total Knee Replacement (TKR): In a total knee replacement, the entire knee joint is replaced. The procedure involves removing damaged bone and cartilage from the ends of the thigh bone (femur), shin bone (tibia), and the kneecap (patella). Artificial components, typically made of metal and plastic, are then implanted to replicate the knee's natural movement.

Partial Knee Replacement (PKR): A partial knee replacement is a less invasive procedure used when only one part of the knee is affected. In this surgery, only the damaged portion of the knee is replaced with artificial components, preserving the healthy parts of the joint. PKR is suitable for patients with limited knee damage and offers a quicker recovery time compared to TKR.

AMRI Hospitals in Kolkata is renowned for its world-class healthcare services and a team of highly skilled and orthopaedic surgeons. Several orthopaedic surgeons at AMRI Hospitals have made significant contributions to the field of knee replacement surgery:

Knee implants, also known as prostheses, are the artificial components used in knee replacement surgery. The choice of knee implant is made based on the patient's specific needs, the surgeon's recommendation, and the type of knee replacement being performed. Common types of knee implants include: 

Fixed-Bearing Implants: In this type of implant, the plastic spacer is attached to the tibia component, creating a stable and durable surface for weight-bearing

Mobile-Bearing Implants: These implants have a mobile plastic spacer that allows for greater flexibility and movement within the joint, potentially reducing wear and tear

Gender-Specific Implants: Some knee implants are designed to accommodate the anatomical differences between male and female knees, providing a better fit and improved joint function

High-Flexion Implants: High-flexion implants are designed to allow for increased flexion (bending) of the knee joint, which can be especially beneficial for individuals who require greater knee movement

Posterior-Stabilized Implants: Posterior-stabilized implants are intended to provide enhanced stability to the knee joint by modifying the shape of the components

Knee replacement surgery is generally considered safe and has a high success rate. However, like any surgical procedure, it is not without risks. Some potential complications and risks associated with knee replacement surgery include: 

Infection: Infection is a rare but serious complication that can occur after knee surgery. Surgeons take great care to maintain sterile conditions during the operation

Blood Clots: Blood clots can form in the deep veins of the legs (deep vein thrombosis) and pose a risk of pulmonary embolism, which occurs when a clot travels to the lungs

Nerve Damage: In some cases, patients may experience nerve damage, leading to altered sensation or muscle weakness in the operated leg

Implant Problems: Implants may wear out or become loose over time, leading to the need for a revision surgery

Pain and Stiffness: Some patients may experience prolonged pain or stiffness in the knee after the surgery

Allergic Reactions: While rare, allergic reactions to implant materials can occur

Knee replacement surgery is a life-changing procedure that can provide relief from chronic knee pain and improve mobility and quality of life. The choice of the best knee replacement surgeon in Kolkata is crucial for a successful outcome. AMRI Hospitals in Kolkata, with its team of best orthopaedic surgeon in kolkata, has established itself as a leading institution for knee replacement surgeries. Understanding the different types of knee implants, the surgical procedures, and the associated risks is essential for patients considering knee replacement. With the right surgeon and a well-informed decision, individuals can look forward to a better quality of life and greater freedom from knee pain and limitations.